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Potassium peroxide

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Potassium peroxide
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium peroxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.037.339 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 241-089-8
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2K.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2 ☒N
    Key: XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/2K.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2
    Key: XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYAV
  • [O-][O-].[K+].[K+]
Properties
K2O2
Molar mass 110.196 g/mol
Appearance yellow amorphous solid
Melting point 490 °C (914 °F; 763 K)
reacts with water[1]
Structure
Orthorhombic
Cmca, oS16
Thermochemistry
113 J·mol−1·K−1[2]
−496 kJ·mol−1[2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: Oxidizing GHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H272, H315, H319
P210, P220, P221, P264, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Related compounds
Other anions
Potassium chloride
Other cations
Lithium peroxide
Sodium peroxide
Rubidium peroxide
Caesium peroxide
Potassium oxide
Potassium superoxide
Potassium ozonide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Potassium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula K2O2. It is formed as potassium reacts with oxygen in the air, along with potassium oxide (K2O) and potassium superoxide (KO2).

Crystal structure

Potassium peroxide reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide and oxygen:

2 K2O2 + 2 H2O → 4 KOH + O2

Properties

[edit]

Potassium peroxide is a highly reactive, oxidizing white to yellowish solid which, while not flammable itself, reacts violently with flammable materials. It decomposes violently on contact with water. [1]

The standard enthalpy of formation of potassium peroxide is ΔH f 0 = −496 kJ/mol.

Usage

[edit]

Potassium peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent and bleach (due to the peroxide), and to purify air.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 477, 520. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2.
  2. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.